Ana iya gano ci gaban robobi zuwa tsakiyar 19th.A wancan lokacin, don biyan buƙatun masana'antar masaku da ke bunƙasa a Burtaniya, masana kimiyya sun haɗa sinadarai daban-daban tare da fatan yin bleach da rini.Masanan sinadarai sun fi son kwalta kwal, wadda sharar gida ce mai kama da daskarewa a cikin injin bututun masana'anta da iskar gas ke tadawa.

William Henry Platinum, mataimaki na dakin gwaje-gwaje a Royal Institute of Chemistry da ke Landan, na daya daga cikin mutanen da suka gudanar da wannan gwaji.Wata rana, a lokacin da platinum ke goge sinadaran da suka zubo a kan benci a dakin gwaje-gwaje, an gano cewa an rina rigar a cikin wata lavender da ba kasafai ake ganin ta ba a lokacin.Wannan binciken na bazata ya sa platinum ya shiga masana'antar rini kuma a ƙarshe ya zama miloniya.
Duk da cewa gano platinum ba filastik ba ne, wannan binciken na bazata yana da ma'ana mai girma domin ya nuna cewa ana iya samun mahadi da mutum ya yi ta hanyar sarrafa kayan halitta na halitta.Masu masana'anta sun fahimci cewa yawancin kayan halitta irin su itace, amber, roba, da gilashi ko dai sun yi yawa ko kuma suna da tsada ko kuma ba su dace da samar da jama'a ba saboda suna da tsada sosai ko kuma ba su dace ba.Kayan roba sune madaidaicin madadin.Yana iya canza siffar a ƙarƙashin zafi da matsa lamba, kuma yana iya kula da siffar bayan sanyaya.
Colin Williamson, wanda ya kafa kungiyar London Society for the History of Plastics, ya ce: “A lokacin, mutane suna fuskantar neman hanya mai arha kuma mai sauƙin canzawa.”
Bayan platinum, wani Bature, Alexander Parks, ya hada chloroform da man kasko don samun wani abu mai wuya kamar tururuwa na dabba.Wannan shine robobin roba na farko.Parks na fatan yin amfani da wannan robobin da mutum ya kera don maye gurbin robar da ba za a iya amfani da ita ba saboda yawan shuka, girbi, da kuma farashin sarrafawa.
Dan New York John Wesley Hyatt, maƙera, ya yi ƙoƙarin yin ƙwallo na billiard da kayan wucin gadi maimakon ƙwallo da aka yi da hauren giwa.Ko da yake bai magance wannan matsalar ba, ya gano cewa ta hanyar hada kafur tare da wani adadin kuzari, ana iya samun wani abu da zai iya canza siffar bayan dumama.Hyatt ya kira wannan abu celluloid.Wannan sabon nau'in robobi yana da halayen da injuna da ma'aikata marasa ƙwarewa ke kera su.Yana kawo wa masana'antar fim wani abu mai ƙarfi da sassauƙa na gaskiya wanda zai iya aiwatar da hotuna akan bango.
Celluloid kuma ya inganta ci gaban masana'antar rikodin gida, kuma a ƙarshe ya maye gurbin bayanan silindi na farko.Ana iya amfani da robobi daga baya don yin rikodin vinyl da kaset ɗin kaset;a ƙarshe, ana amfani da polycarbonate don yin ƙananan fayafai.
Celluloid yana sanya daukar hoto aiki tare da faffadan kasuwa.Kafin George Eastman ya samar da celluloid, daukar hoto ya kasance abin sha'awa mai tsada da wahala domin mai daukar hoto ya kirkiro fim din da kansa.Eastman ya zo da sabon ra'ayi: abokin ciniki ya aika da fim ɗin da aka gama zuwa shagon da ya buɗe, kuma ya haɓaka fim ɗin ga abokin ciniki.Celluloid shine abu na farko mai bayyanawa wanda za'a iya yin shi a cikin takarda mai bakin ciki kuma ana iya jujjuya shi cikin kyamara.
A daidai wannan lokacin, Eastman ya sadu da wani matashi ɗan gudun hijira na Belgium, Leo Beckeland.Baekeland ta gano wani nau'in takardan bugawa wanda ke da mahimmanci ga haske.Eastman ya sayi sabuwar fasahar Beckland akan dalar Amurka 750,000 (daidai da dalar Amurka miliyan 2.5 na yanzu).Tare da kuɗi a hannu, Baekeland ya gina dakin gwaje-gwaje.Kuma a cikin 1907 ya ƙirƙira filastik phenolic.
Wannan sabon abu ya sami babban nasara.Kayayyakin da aka yi da filastik phenolic sun haɗa da tarho, igiyoyi masu keɓance, maɓalli, masu tallan jirgin sama, da ƙwallon biliard masu inganci.
Kamfanin Parker Pen yana yin alkalan maɓuɓɓuka daban-daban daga filastik phenolic.Domin tabbatar da ingancin robobin fenolic, kamfanin ya gudanar da zanga-zanga ga jama'a tare da jefar da alkalami daga manyan gine-ginen.Mujallar "Lokaci" ta keɓe labarin rufe don gabatar da wanda ya ƙirƙira na filastik phenolic da wannan kayan da za a iya "amfani da dubban sau"
Bayan 'yan shekaru, dakin gwaje-gwaje na DuPont kuma ya sake yin wani ci gaba ba da gangan ba: ya yi nailan, samfurin da ake kira siliki na wucin gadi.A shekara ta 1930, Wallace Carothers, masanin kimiyya da ke aiki a dakin gwaje-gwaje na DuPont, ya nutsar da sandar gilashi mai zafi a cikin wani dogon fili na kwayoyin halitta kuma ya sami wani abu mai laushi.Duk da cewa tufafin da aka yi da nailan na farko sun narke a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi na baƙin ƙarfe, wanda ya kirkiro shi Carothers ya ci gaba da gudanar da bincike.Kimanin shekaru takwas bayan haka, DuPont ya gabatar da nailan.
An yi amfani da nailan sosai a filin, parachutes da igiyoyin takalma duk an yi su da nailan.Amma mata suna da sha'awar masu amfani da nailan.A ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1940, matan Amurkawa sun sayar da nau'i miliyan 5 na nailan na nalman da Dupont.Safa na naila ya yi karanci, kuma wasu ’yan kasuwa sun fara yin kamar su safa na nailan.
Amma labarin nasara na nailan yana da mummunan ƙarshe: wanda ya ƙirƙira shi, Carothers, ya kashe kansa ta hanyar ɗaukar cyanide.Steven Finnichell, marubucin littafin "Filastik", ya ce: "Na sami ra'ayi bayan karanta littafin Carothers' diary: Carothers ya ce kayan da ya ƙirƙira an yi amfani da su don samar da suturar mata.Safa sun ji takaici sosai.Malami ne, wanda hakan ya sa ya ji ba zai iya jurewa ba.”Ya ji cewa mutane za su yi tunanin cewa babbar nasarar da ya samu ba kome ba ce face ƙirƙirar “samfurin kasuwanci na yau da kullun.”
Duk da yake DuPont ya sha'awar samfuransa da mutane ke ƙauna sosai.Birtaniya ta gano amfani da robobi da dama a fagen soji a lokacin yakin.An yi wannan gano ta hanyar haɗari.Masana kimiyya a dakin gwaje-gwaje na kamfanin sarrafa sinadarai na Royal na kasar Burtaniya suna gudanar da wani gwajin da ba shi da alaka da hakan, inda suka gano cewa akwai wani farar hazo a kasan bututun gwajin.Bayan gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje, an gano cewa wannan abu yana da kyakkyawan kayan kariya.Halayensa sun bambanta da gilashi, kuma radar radar na iya wucewa ta cikinsa.Masana kimiyya suna kiransa da polyethylene, kuma suna amfani da shi don gina gida don tashoshin radar don kama iska da ruwan sama, ta yadda radar za ta iya kama jiragen abokan gaba a karkashin ruwa da hazo mai yawa.
Williamson na Society for the History of Plastics ya ce: “Akwai abubuwa biyu ne ke haifar da ƙirƙirar robobi.Ɗayan abu shine sha'awar samun kuɗi, ɗayan kuma shine yaƙi. "Koyaya, shekarun da suka gabata ne suka yi filastik da gaske Finney.Chell ya kira shi alamar "ƙarni na kayan roba."A cikin 1950s, kwantena na abinci da aka yi da filastik, tulu, akwatunan sabulu da sauran kayayyakin gida sun bayyana;a cikin 1960s, kujeru masu hurawa sun bayyana.A cikin 1970s, masana muhalli sun nuna cewa robobi ba zai iya ragewa da kansu ba.Sha'awar mutane na samfuran filastik ya ragu.
Duk da haka, a shekarun 1980 zuwa 1990, saboda yawan bukatar robobi a masana'antar kera motoci da na'ura mai kwakwalwa, robobi ya kara karfafa matsayinsu.Ba shi yiwuwa a yi musun wannan al'amari na yau da kullun.Shekaru hamsin da suka wuce, duniya za ta iya samar da dubun dubatan tan na robobi ne kawai a kowace shekara;a yau, abin da ake samarwa na robobi na shekara-shekara a duniya ya zarce tan miliyan 100.Samar da robobi na shekara-shekara a Amurka ya zarce haɗin gwiwar samar da ƙarfe, aluminum da tagulla.
Sabbin robobitare da sabon abu har yanzu ana ganowa.Williamson na Society for the History of Plastics ya ce: “Masu tsarawa da masu ƙirƙira za su yi amfani da robobi a cikin ƙarni na gaba.Babu wani abu na iyali da ke kama da filastik wanda ke ba masu ƙirƙira da ƙirƙira damar kammala nasu samfuran akan farashi mai rahusa.ƙirƙira.